Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) is one of the most
common performance metrics used to determine the
effectiveness of accounts receivable management.
This
measure, however, is more a measure of efficiency --
how quickly receivables are collected -- than
effectiveness, which looks at the quality of the
collection process itself.
DSO is important as a financial indicator to the extent
that it shows the age, in terms of days, of an
organization's accounts receivable and the average
time it takes to turn receivables into cash.
It can give insight into the changes that occur within
an organization's receivable balance. Indicating
whether a change occurred because of a positive or
negative fluctuation in sales during that period, or if
other business factors such as promotional discounts,
seasonality, selling terms, etc. created the effect.
DSO can vary significantly over the course of a year.
The best use of this key performance indicator is as a
measure of efficiency of the A/R process, indicating
length of an organization's operating cycle.
In general, if your company's DSO is no more than 10-
15 days longer than terms of sale, the receivables
are turning into cash without much difficulty.
The most common calculation:
(Ending Total Receivables / Credit Sales for Period
Analyzed) X Number of Days in Period
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Collection Effectiveness Index
Another useful tool in AR management is the
Collections Effectiveness Index (CEI). CEI is a metric
many organizations are looking at to evaluate the
effectiveness of their receivable management process.
CEI focuses on the quality of collection efforts over
time by determining the percentage of open
receivables an organization is able to recover or
resolve within a given time period.
CEI can also provide valuable insight into the
strength and administration of an organization's credit
policy. The higher the CEI, the more likely the
organization is making sound decisions based on well-
constructed guidelines. As CEI drops, organizations
should re-examine their credit policy, as this may be
an indication that they are extending credit to
companies that are not truly creditworthy.
The formula for calculating CEI:
(Beginning Receivables + Credit Sales - Ending Total
Receivables) / (Beginning Receivables + Credit Sales -
Ending Current Receivables) X 100